In December 1989, the British news agency Reuters sent two foreign correspondents to witness the revolution in Romania. For both, however, the term revolution is wrong – that of coup d’état is, in their opinion, the most apropriate.
Johnny Krcmar knew Romania quite well, as he visited it frequently since 1978 and already had numerous contacts among journalists from the Romanian news agency Agerpress and among the official bodies. One month before the revolution, he had participated in the Congres of the Communist Romanian Party, where Nicolae and Elena Ceauşescu “were celebrated as the eight wonder of the world”, says now Krcmar.
The moment he found out about the attempt to evacuate the Hungarian bishop Lazlo Tokes in Timişoara, the journalist left for Romania. He tried in vain various times to enter the country, but the borders were closed. Firtly, he tried to get there by train, then three times by car, but couldn’t make it. He finally got to Bucharest on the 22nd of December, by a cargo that transported medicines. Johnny Krcmar would stay in Romania until the 16th of January 1990.
In the capital, on his way to the city center, the journalist was stopped various times and checked by armed revolutionaries. Some of these were holding the Romanian flag with the central Communist sign taken off. From far away, he could hear the shooting. When he got to the Intercontinental hotel, in the centre of Bucharest, where most of the shootings took place, he wasn’t allowed to enter “because Securitatea (the secret police) was in the building, shooting in the direction of the nearby Central Committee”. This was the headquarters of the Communist Party.
The journalist was surprised to see on the 23rd of December people walking on the street, most of them holding children in their hands. “It gave the impression of more of sightseeing on a public holiday, rather than a revolution. Occasionally there was gunfire but seemed to be more for effect rather than for real”, says Krcmar.
And this relaxed mood of Romanians most impressed the journalist. “In my previous visit to Romania, just one month before, nobody would even dare look at obviously western foreigners, let alone talk to them. People were no longer afraid of speaking, there was a general euphoria that the worst was over. But there was something new: many began to fear of what the future would bring”, says the journalist. He adds that he didn’t know how to react towards those “who only recently had shamelessly uttered the most blatant propaganda and who suddenly had become the most fervent revolutionaries”.
„It definitely was a coup d’état”
Johnny Krcmar was one of the first journalists to find about the death of the Ceauşescu couple, on Christmas morning. He was told by an officer who refused to reveal his identity and who is supposed to have witnessed the execution.
The information was confirmed at night, when the public TV service aired a video with the trial and the execution. “This was on one hand greeted with joy by many, but also with scepticism over the trial and hurried way the two had been killed”, says the journalist.
Krcmar doesn’t believe it was a real revolution, but a show directed and too well organized. „It definitely was a coup d’état”, organized by the „second echelon nomenclature”, thinks the Reuters correspondent.
„The Governments had given way to the mafia and tolerated mass corruption”
The journalist left Romania in January 1990, after visiting various cities, like Timişoara, Craiova, Oradea, to cover the days following the revolution. He came back later to cover the first democratic presidential elections in the country, on the 20th of May.
However, after his latest visit, in 2000, he left Romania very disappointed, saying that, although things have changed in good for a part of the middle class, the post revolutionary Governments “failed to fulfil their promises of improving the life of normal people and had given way to the mafia and tolerated mass corruption”. In Romania, the long waited for changes never came.
Rou(mour)mania and the terrorists in the pipelines

Douglas Hamilton. Courtesy of Douglas Hamilton
Douglas Hamilton was correspondent for Reuters in Berlin, when the ticker machine rang 6 bells, signalling a top priority bulletin. Nicolae Ceausescu was booed by the crowd in Bucharest
Although the journalist got to Romania only after the 26th of December, he remembers writing about the previous days, caracterised by chaos and paranoia. For instance, because of the rumours saying that Libyan terrorists invaded the country to help Securitatea put Ceauşescu back in power and that they were getting around Bucharest through the sewage drains, popping up and shooting at people. “They were hopeful and fearful. There was a lot of suspicion”, says Hamilton.
Days after the revolution, Romanians were still frightened Securitatea could launch a counter coup at any moment.
„It started as a revolution, but it turned into a coup d’état”
At the beginning, says Douglas Hamilton, it seemed to be a revolution of the people, but things were very different than in other Eastern European countries. This time, everything seemed to be directed and organized. To support this idea, the journalist mentions the fake information about the massacre in Timişoara or the number of the dead people around the country.
“Maybe it started as a revolution, but it quickly turned into a coup d’état, after Communists like Iliescu were in charge”, thinks the journalist.
He came back to Romania various times after the revolution. His first visit was during the Jiu Valley miners’ revolt. “The legacy of 40 years of Stalinist dictatorship and isolation” were still evident. There was a lot of paranoia, suspicion and “cruelty revenge” at the thought that “crypto communists like Iliescu had stolen the revolution”, says Hamilton.
The Reuters correspondent says he is very disappointed by Romania’s progress after the revolution. “Romania was much slower to take on democracy than other Soviet bloc states. I didn’t like to see abandoned kids sniffing glue at the railway station. Nobody cared a damn for them”, remembers Douglas Hamilton. He would characterize the first post communist years of Romania as very “selfish”.
March 11, 2010
The roots and identities
Posted by denisamorariu under In Britain, Opinions and Comments | Tags: website |Leave a Comment
It has changed my career, my life, my perspectives. I know for some of you designing a website may seem easy, stupid or superficial. To me, it was an incomparable experience.
Apart from learning new programmes, I first of all learned about myself. I learned the body has no limit as long as I do something with pleasure. That yes, I can do anything I want, despite my fears and now forgotten hatred for online. That people are not born with certain categories of skills. Instead, they can develop any in time, by working hard and enjoying every step.
I failed at the beginning, as I always do. Every time, the starting point is difficult. It’s just afterwards that I raise and move on successfully.
After two failed ideas for a website, me and my team reached a third. Moving from general to specific and then to even more specific: the identities of ethnic minorities in the UK and the problems they face in trying to keep them.
Then, there was the name. from Londoning we got to In between and finally to Roots. Big was our surprise when we heard that Roots is a famous novel and film about African people moving to the USA and their struggle to keep their identity. So the perfect name, accompanied by a clarifying tag line: exploring identities.
Four weeks of web design followed. In which I tried to put on pages everybody’s efforts to match every line, to place correctly every box, to find the appropriate colour. For four weeks, I heard yes and no’s, dozens of ideas and tried to put them on pages.
Hundreds of attempts, few hours of sleep and even those visited by dreams of websites and boxes on web pages. Long hours of not standing up from a chair, a complete nightmare to my poor ill legs, and of gluing my eyes to the computer until it hurt.
The website is up in the sky now, at http://rootsidentities.co.uk/. And it’s not over, as the adventure continues with content being put on it weekly. Too bad however that when I look back at so much hard work and then I look at the website, I am just satisfied. Not happy, not thrilled, not excited. As I know it could have always been better than that.
Now, when I look in front of me, everything is blury. My habit of sleeping with the hens – an expression we use in Romanian to refer to someone who goes to bed early – is forever gone. Too tired to fall asleep now, I think of stories to write.
And how I miss designing a website… An experience, fortunately, soon to be lived again.